Vertical resolution, especially in the boundary layer, and an accompanying description of the large-scale forcing. Ground-based observatories offer an integrated view of cloud and precipitation systems complementary to that available from satellites with excellent CR-SIM is licensed under the GNU GPL package and both the software and the user guide are publicly available to the scientific Interpretation of the differences and improve understanding of the representativeness errors due to the sampling limitations of the ground-based These applications demonstrate CR-SIM as a virtual observatory operator on high-resolution model output for a consistent comparison between model results and observations to aid Wind retrievals, and optimizing radar sampling strategy using observing system simulation experiments. Representativeness of cloud microphysics and dynamics in a CRM, quantifying uncertainties in radar–lidar integrated cloud products and multi-Doppler In this paper, we present several applications of CR-SIM for evaluating the CR-SIM has the flexibility to easily incorporate additional microphysical modules, such as microphysical schemes and scattering calculations,Īnd expand the applications to simulate multisensor retrieval products. Model simulation and remote-sensing products using a forward-modeling framework consistent with the microphysical assumptions used in the atmospheric CR-SIM allows for direct comparison between an atmospheric Zenith-pointing, and scanning radar observables and multisensor (radar and lidar) products. This paper introduces the Cloud-resolving model Radar SIMulator (CR-SIM), which uses output from high-resolution cloud-resolving models (CRMs) to emulate multiwavelength, Strategies to best use these observations to understand these properties and evaluate weather and climate models. Ground-based observatories use multisensor observations to characterize cloud and precipitation properties.
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